Gerald Howting, a prominent English orientalist, is known for his research on the formation of Islam. One of his key hypotheses is the concept of idolatry in the pre-Islamic era. Howting introduces idolatry as a major and defining feature of pre-Islamic Arab religion. He also has critical views on the text of the Quran, especially on the polemical nature of the verses related to idolatry and the way the Quran deals with opponents of Howting's hypothesis, which considers idolatry to be limited to a specific group who were engaged solely in the worship of idols. This study critically examines this view, based on the interpretive approach of Ayatollah Javadi. Unlike Howting's view, he believes in a homogeneous and close relationship between infidelity and polytheism and considers the inclusion of these titles to be broader than just idolaters, in a way that also includes Jews and Christians in many cases. Thus, in many verses of the Quran that deal with the issue of polytheism and disbelief, followers of other divine religions are also included in the audience. Accordingly, this interpretive approach challenges Hauting's limited view of the concept of idolatry and its scope and considers a broader scope for this concept.