One of the important teachings of Islam, which holds a high position especially in the Shia school, and has also attracted the attention of recent Orientalist studies, is the belief in Mahdaviiyah and the appearance of the Savior in the end times. James Darmesteter is one of the few Orientalists who, in addition to his unique views on Mahdaviiyah, has also written a book on the subject. Although contemporary scholars have somewhat examined and critiqued the views of some Orientalists regarding Mahdaviiyah, this article, utilizing a descriptive-analytical method and in a focused approach, challenges and critiques James Darmesteter's perspectives on Mahdaviiyah.
From examining Darmesteter’s views, it becomes evident that his limited access to authentic Islamic sources such as the Quran and Hadith has greatly influenced his theorizing about Mahdaviiyah, preventing him from presenting an accurate picture of it.
He does not consider Mahdaviiyah to be something more than an imaginary and illusory story rooted in ancient Iranian mythological tales, but rather an instrument in the hands of tricksters to attain power; whereas, according to the clear Quran and the traditions of the Pure Imams (peace be upon them), as well as historical reports, the Mahdi (may Allah expedite his reappearance) is a descendant of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) who will appear in the end times to fill the world with justice and fairness.